Schatzmann, L., Brunner, P., and Stäubli, H. “ A nonlinear finite-element model of the newborn middle ear,” J. “ Finite element implementation of anisotropic quasi-linear viscoelasticity using a discrete spectrum approximation,” J. “ Methods of interconversion between linear viscoelastic material functions, Part I-A numerical method based on Prony series,” Int. “ Large deformation isotropic elasticity-on the correlation of theory and experiment for incompressible rubberlike solids,” Proc. Continuum Mechanics for Engineers, 2nd ed. “ A comparative study of several material models for prediction of hyperelastic properties: Application to silicone-rubber and soft tissues,” Strain 42, 135– 147. Martins, P., Natal Jorge, R., and Ferreira, A. “ FEBio: finite elements for biomechanics,” J. “ A comparison of Young's modulus for normal and diseased human eardrums at high strain rates,” Int. “ Measurement of young's modulus of human tympanic membrane at high strain rates,” J. “ Structure and function of the tympanic membrane: A review,” Acta Otorhinolaryngol. “ A geometrically nonlinear finite-element model of the cat eardrum,” J. “Thickness distribution of fresh and preserved human eardrums measured with confocal microscopy,” Otol. “ Improved relaxation time coverage in ramp-strain histories,” Mech. The Structure and Function of the Middle Ear ( University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo), pp. “ Tympanic membrane vibrations in cats studied by time-averaged holography,” J. “ Continuum biomechanics of soft biological tissues,” Proc. “ A method for measuring linearly viscoelastic properties of human tympanic membrane using nanoindentation,” J. “‘Direct Search’ Solution of numerical and statistical problems,” J. Biomechanics: Mechanical Properties of Living Tissues, 2nd ed. “ Eardrum abnormality and the measurement of middle ear function,” Arch. “ Three approaches for estimating the elastic modulus of the tympanic membrane,” J. (80)90056-1, Google Scholar Crossrefįay, J., Puria, S., Decraemer, W. “ A non-linear viscoelastic constitutive equation for soft biological tissues, based upon a structural model,” J. (80)90338-3, Google Scholar Crossrefĭecraemer, W. “ An elastic stress-strain relation for soft biological tissues based on a structural model,” J. , Google Scholar Crossrefĭecraemer, W., Maes, M., and Vanhuyse, V. “ Characterization of the linearly viscoelastic behavior of human tympanic membrane by nanoindentation,” J. , Google Scholar Crossrefĭaphalapurkar, N. “ Viscoelastic properties of human tympanic membrane,” Ann. , Google Scholar CrossrefĬheng, T., Dai, C., and Gan, R. “ Visco-hyperelastic law for finite deformations: a frequency analysis,” Biomech. , Google Scholar ScitationĬharlebois, M., Motallebzadeh, H., and Funnell, W. “ The structure of the middle ear and the hearing of one's own voice by bone conduction,” J. “ Static versus dynamic gerbil tympanic membrane elasticity: Derivation of the complex modulus,” Biomech. These conditions correspond to the pressurization involved in tympanometry.Īernouts, J., and Dirckx, J. The model presented here is suitable for modeling large deformations of the tympanic membrane for frequencies less than approximately 3 rad/s or about 0.6 Hz. In addition, a frequency-domain analysis is performed based on the obtained material parameters, and the effect of strain rate is explored. The model output is compared with the relaxation curves and hysteresis loops observed in previous measurements performed on strips of tympanic membrane. The constitutive equation of this model is a convolution integral composed of a non-linear elastic part, represented by an Ogden hyperelastic model, and an exponential time-dependent part, represented by a Prony series. In this study, these two features are combined in a non-linear viscoelastic model. Previous finite-element models of the tympanic membrane, however, have been either non-linear or viscoelastic but not both. The mechanical behavior of the tympanic membrane displays both non-linearity and viscoelasticity.
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